ASSUMPTION 1: CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

Classical conditioning is learning through association.

UCS - Unconditioned Stimulus
UCR - Unconditioned Response
NS - Neutral Stimulus
CS - Conditioned Stimulus
CR - Conditioned Response

Evidence

Pavlov, 1904 - observations of salivation in dogs.

He measured the salivation of dogs when presented with food. He then rung a bell each time he presented the food - after this was repeated enough times, just the bell would cause the dogs to salivate as they associated the sound with being fed.